Bloch oscillations and matter-wave localization of a dipolar quantum gas in a one-dimensional lattice

@article{natale2022bloch,
  title = {Bloch oscillations and matter-wave localization of a dipolar quantum gas in a one-dimensional lattice}, 
  author = {G. Natale and T. Bland and S. Gschwendtner and L. Lafforgue and D. S. Grün and A. Patscheider and M. J. Mark and F. Ferlaino},
  abstract = {Three-dimensional quantum gases of strongly dipolar atoms can undergo a crossover from a dilute gas to a dense macrodroplet, stabilized by quantum fluctuations. Adding a one-dimensional optical lattice creates a platform where quantum fluctuations are still unexplored, and a rich variety of phases may be observable. We employ Bloch oscillations as an interferometric tool to assess the role quantum fluctuations play in an array of quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates. Long-lived oscillations are observed when the chemical potential is balanced between sites, in a region where a macrodroplet is extended over several lattice sites. Further, we observe a transition to a state that is localized to a single lattice plane–driven purely by interactions–marked by the disappearance of the interference pattern in the momentum distribution. To describe our observations, we develop a discrete one-dimensional extended Gross-Pitaevskii theory, including quantum fluctuations and a variational approach for the on-site wavefunction. This model is in quantitative agreement with the experiment, revealing the existence of single and multisite macrodroplets, and signatures of a two-dimensional bright soliton.},
  year = {2022},
  month = {Sep},
  eprint = {2205.03280},
  journal = {Commun. Phys.},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {227},
  primaryClass = {cond-mat.quant-gas},
  url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-022-01009-8},
  doi = {10.1038/s42005-022-01009-8},
  arXiv = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.03280}
}